<style type="text/css">a[data-mtli~="mtli_filesize700,9kB"]:after {content:" (700,9 kB)"}</style><style type="text/css">a[data-mtli~="mtli_filesize700,9kB"]:after {content:" (700,9 kB)"}</style>{"id":2753,"date":"2024-12-11T14:31:35","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T14:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/?page_id=2753"},"modified":"2024-12-11T14:56:22","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T14:56:22","slug":"wspolczesne-zmiany-zlodzenia-baltyku-a-cyrkulacja-atmosferyczna-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/?page_id=2753","title":{"rendered":"WSP\u00d3\u0141CZESNE ZMIANY ZLODZENIA BA\u0141TYKU A CYRKULACJA ATMOSFERYCZNA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;text-transform: uppercase;color: #000000;font-size: 14pt\"><a name=\"10.32045\/PG-2024-049\"><\/a><!--(opis_kotwicy nie koniecznie musi by\u0107)--><a name=\"nazwa_kotwicy\"><\/a><!--(opis_kotwicy)-->WSP\u00d3\u0141CZESNE ZMIANY ZLODZENIA BA\u0141TYKU A CYRKULACJA ATMOSFERYCZNA<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Contemporary changes of the ice cover on the Baltic Sea and atmospheric circulation<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;color: #3366ff\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">Krzysztof Ko\u017cuchowski, Joanna Wibig<\/span><\/span><\/span><em><br \/>\n<\/em><em>Przegl\u0105d Geofizyczny (2024) vol. 69, iss. 3-4, pp. 87-113<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32045\/PG-2024-049<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Wspolczesne-zmiany-zlodzenia-Baltyku-a-cyrkulacja-atmosferyczna.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\" data-mtli=\"mtli_filesize700,9kB\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Tekst \/ Text<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Streszczenie<br \/>\n<\/strong>W artykule przedstawiono szereg statystyk odzwierciedlaj\u0105cych znacz\u0105c\u0105 redukcj\u0119 zlodzenia Ba\u0142tyku po 1988 roku. \u015arednia warto\u015b\u0107 maksymalnych rocznych wielko\u015bci zlodzenia (MIE) zmniejszy\u0142a si\u0119 o ponad 1\/3 w por\u00f3wnaniu ze \u015bredni\u0105 z poprzednich lat. Powsta\u0142 \u201enowy\u201d, leptokurtyczny rozk\u0142ad cz\u0119sto\u015bci wska\u017anika zlodzenia, uwidaczniaj\u0105cy koncentracj\u0119 wska\u017anika MIE w pobli\u017cu niskich warto\u015bci i niewielk\u0105 jego zmienno\u015b\u0107. Zmala\u0142y, b\u0105d\u017a w og\u00f3le zanik\u0142y przypadki wyst\u0119powania ca\u0142kowitego lub bliskiego ca\u0142kowitemu zlodzenia morza. Udokumentowano ponadto istotny wp\u0142yw strefowej cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na wielko\u015b\u0107 zlodzenia. Wraz ze wzrostem indeksu NAO i wzrostem frekwencji makroform cyrkulacji strefowej W zmniejsza si\u0119 zlodzenie Ba\u0142tyku. Wska\u017anik zlodzenia MIE koreluje ze zmianami wska\u017anik\u00f3w cyrkulacji strefowej, wykazuje te\u017c istotn\u0105 zbie\u017cno\u015b\u0107 z charakterem jej zmian z roku na rok, tj. wzrostom intensywno\u015bci cyrkulacji strefowej w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci przypadk\u00f3w odpowiadaj\u0105 spadki wielko\u015bci zlodzenia i odwrotnie &#8211; wraz z os\u0142abieniem cyrkulacji strefowej w tym samym roku nast\u0119puj\u0105 przyrosty zlodzenia. Zmiany z roku na rok MIE i NAO charakteryzuje znacz\u0105ca negatywna zbie\u017cno\u015b\u0107.<br \/>\nW opracowaniu zaprezentowano pogl\u0105d, \u017ce przemiany warunk\u00f3w cyrkulacyjnych nad Atlantykiem P\u00f3\u0142nocnym i Europ\u0105 w XX\/XXI wieku, w tym rozw\u00f3j Bruzdy Barentso-Karskiej, odzwierciedlaj\u0105 tendencj\u0119, wed\u0142ug kt\u00f3rej ca\u0142y system stref cyrkulacyjnych przemieszcza si\u0119 ku p\u00f3\u0142nocy zgodnie z oczekiwanymi skutkami globalnego ocieplenia klimatu.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>S\u0142owa kluczowe:<\/strong> Morze Ba\u0142tyckie, wska\u017anik najwi\u0119kszego zlodzenia, makrotypy cyrkulacji, oscylacja p\u00f3\u0142nocnoatlantycka, korelacja, rozk\u0142ad cz\u0119sto\u015bci<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Abstract<br \/>\n<\/strong>The article presents several statistics reflecting a significant reduction in the ice cover of the Baltic Sea after 1988. The average value of maximum annual ice amounts (MIE) decreased by more than 1\/3 compared to the average of previous years. A &#8222;new&#8221;, leptokurtic distribution of the frequency of the ice index was created, revealing the concentration of the MIE index near low values and its small variability, and the occurrence of ice close to the state of complete sea ice cover decreased or disappeared altogether. A significant impact of zonal atmospheric circulation on the amount of ice cover has been documented. As the NAO index increases and the frequency of W zonal circulation macroforms increases, the ice cover of the Baltic Sea decreases. The MIE icing index correlates with changes in the zonal circulation indices, and also shows significant convergence with the nature of its changes from year to year &#8211; increases in the intensity of zonal circulation in most cases corresponds to decreases in the amount of ice, and vice versa &#8211; as the zonal circulation weakens in the same year, there are increases in icing. Year-to-year changes in MIE and NAO are characterized by significant negative convergence.<br \/>\nThe study presents the view that changes in circulation conditions over the North Atlantic and Europe in the 20th\/21st century, including the development of the Barents-Kara Trough, reflect the tendency according to which the entire system of circulation zones is moving northwards, in line with the expected effects of global climate warming.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong>: Baltic Sea, maximum ice extent, macrotypes of circulation, North Atlantic Oscillation, correlation, frequency distribution<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Article is licensed under <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/?ref=chooser-v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license noopener noreferrer\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">CC BY 4.0<\/span><\/strong><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"height: 22px!important;margin-left: 3px;vertical-align: text-bottom\" src=\"https:\/\/mirrors.creativecommons.org\/presskit\/icons\/cc.svg?ref=chooser-v1\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"height: 22px!important;margin-left: 3px;vertical-align: text-bottom\" src=\"https:\/\/mirrors.creativecommons.org\/presskit\/icons\/by.svg?ref=chooser-v1\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border-width: 0\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Licencja Creative Commons\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>WSP\u00d3\u0141CZESNE ZMIANY ZLODZENIA BA\u0141TYKU A CYRKULACJA ATMOSFERYCZNA Contemporary changes of the ice cover on the Baltic Sea and atmospheric circulation Krzysztof Ko\u017cuchowski, Joanna Wibig Przegl\u0105d Geofizyczny (2024) vol. 69, iss. 3-4, pp. 87-113 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32045\/PG-2024-049 Tekst \/ Text Streszczenie W artykule&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2753","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2753"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2767,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753\/revisions\/2767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}