<style type="text/css">a[data-mtli~="mtli_filesize1,5MB"]:after {content:" (1,5 MB)"}</style><style type="text/css">a[data-mtli~="mtli_filesize1,5MB"]:after {content:" (1,5 MB)"}</style>{"id":1759,"date":"2022-12-21T08:50:33","date_gmt":"2022-12-21T08:50:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/?page_id=1759"},"modified":"2022-12-25T14:31:01","modified_gmt":"2022-12-25T14:31:01","slug":"variation-of-the-north-atlantic-oscillation-according-to-hurrells-nao-djfm-index-1864-2019","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/?page_id=1759","title":{"rendered":"VARIATION OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION ACCORDING TO HURRELL\u2019S NAO DJFM INDEX (1864-2019)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;text-transform: uppercase;color: #000000;font-size: 14pt\"><a name=\"10.32045\/PG-2021-022\"><\/a><!--(opis_kotwicy nie koniecznie musi by\u0107)--><a name=\"nazwa_kotwicy\"><\/a><!--(opis_kotwicy)-->VARIATION OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION ACCORDING TO HURRELL\u2019S NAO DJFM INDEX (1864-2019)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Zmienno\u015b\u0107 oscylacji p\u00f3\u0142nocnoatlantyckiej na podstawie wska\u017anika NAO DJFM Hurrella (1864-2019)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff\">Krzysztof Ko\u017cuchowski, <a style=\"color: #3366ff\" href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8560-0325\">Joanna Wibig<\/a><\/span><\/span><em><br \/>\n<\/em><em>Przegl\u0105d Geofizyczny (2021) vol. 66, iss. 3-4, pp. 137-160<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32045\/PG-2021-022<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><a style=\"color: #000000\" href=\"http:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1_3-4.2021.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\" data-mtli=\"mtli_filesize1,5MB\">Tekst \/ Text<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Streszczenie<br \/>\n<\/strong>Artyku\u0142 przedstawia statystyki opisuj\u0105ce zmienno\u015b\u0107 czasow\u0105 wska\u017anika NAODJFM, w tym zmienno\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cnic mi\u0119dzy wska\u017anikami w kolejnych latach (\u0394i= NAO DJFMi+1 \u2013 NAO DJFMi). Przedstawiono tak\u017ce zmiany rozk\u0142adu cz\u0119sto\u015bci indeks\u00f3w w konsekutywnych 10-leciach okresu 1864-2019. Analiza kr\u00f3tkoterminowej zmienno\u015bci wska\u017anika NAODJFM wykazuje, \u017ce w jego szeregu czasowym dominuje istotna, negatywna autokorelacja zmian wska\u017anika z roku na rok (r1= -0,47). Przyrosty wska\u017anika nast\u0119puj\u0105 najcz\u0119\u015bciej po spadkach jego warto\u015bci (i odwrotnie), a nast\u0119pstwo znak\u00f3w zmian mi\u0119dzy kolejnymi warto\u015bciami indeksu (\u0394i) nie r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 znacz\u0105co od nast\u0119pstwa zmian w szeregu losowym (Tab. 3, 4, 5). \u015arednia bezwzgl\u0119dna r\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy kolejnymi warto\u015bciami indeksu w szeregu czasowym (|\u0394i|) jest wi\u0119ksza od odchylenia standardowego w zbiorze warto\u015bci NAO DJFM, a wariancja zmian (\u0394i) stanowi 1,75 wariancji indeksu NAODJFM. Wyst\u0119puj\u0105 \u015bladowe oznaki bezw\u0142adno\u015bci w szeregu wska\u017anika: autokorelacja (r1= 0,14) nie jest statystycznie istotna, przy czym zar\u00f3wno inercja NAODJFM, jak i zbie\u017cno\u015b\u0107 przyrost\u00f3w\/ spadk\u00f3w indeksu wykazuje wyra\u017an\u0105 niestabilno\u015b\u0107 w ci\u0105gu analizowanego okresu (Rys. 1). Znaleziono pewne oznaki stabilno\u015bci najwy\u017cszych warto\u015bci indeksu NAODJFM (tab. 3). W skali dekad wyst\u0119puj\u0105 znacz\u0105ce zmiany frakcji indeksu, okre\u015blonych przez kwartyle oraz 1. i 9. decyl rozk\u0142adu NAODJFM: w serii konsekutywnych 10-leci ekstremalnymi rozk\u0142adami wyr\u00f3\u017cniaj\u0105 si\u0119 okresy 1962-71 i 1986-95 (tab. 9). Stosuj\u0105c wska\u017anik frekwencji, okre\u015blony na podstawie kumulowanych cz\u0119sto\u015bci indeksu NAODJFM&gt;Q1 + NAODJFM&gt;Q2 + NAODJFM&gt;Q3 (gdzie Q oznacza kwartyle 1. 2. i 3), wyr\u00f3\u017cniono dekady, w kt\u00f3rych wska\u017anik przyjmuje znacz\u0105co wysokie lub znacz\u0105co niskie warto\u015bci (Tab. 8). W analizowanym wieloleciu 1864-2019 wydzielono dwie epoki dominacji wysokich warto\u015bci NAODJFM (epoki nasilonej cyrkulacji strefowej 1905-1914 i 1985-2000) oraz epok\u0119 znacz\u0105cej przewagi niskich warto\u015bci indeksu (epok\u0119 rozwoju po\u0142udnikowych form cyrkulacji 1955-1972).<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>S\u0142owa kluczowe:<\/strong> epoki cyrkulacyjne, autokorelacja, bezw\u0142adno\u015b\u0107, rozk\u0142ad statystyczny<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Abstract<br \/>\n<\/strong>The article presents statistics describing the temporal variation of the NAODJFM index, including the variation of the differences between the indices in successive years (\u0394i = NAODJFMi+1 -NAODJFMi). Changes in the frequency distribution of indices in consecutive 10-year periods between 1864 and 2019 are also presented. An analysis of the short-term variation of the NAODJFM index shows that its time series is dominated by a significant, negative autocorrelation of year-to-year changes in the index (r1 = -0.47). Increments of the index usually follow decreases in its value (and vice versa), and the sequence of signs of changes between successive index values (\u0394i) does not differ significantly from the sequence of changes in a random series (Table 3, 4, 5). The mean absolute difference between successive index values in a time series (|\u0394i|) is greater than the standard deviation in the NAODJFM value set, and the variance of changes (\u0394i) is 1.75 of the NAODJFM index variance. There are traces of persistence in the index series: autocorrelation (r1 = 0.14) is not statistically significant, and both the NAODJFM persistence and the convergence of increases\/decreases in the index show clear instability over the analyzed period (Fig. 1). Some signs of stability of the highest values of the NAODJFM index were found (Table 3). On a decadal scale, there are significant changes in the index fractions defined by quartiles and the 1st and 9th deciles of the NAODJFM distribution: in the series of 10 consecutive years, the periods 1962-71 and 1986-95 are distinguished by extreme distributions (Table 9). Using the frequency index determined on the basis of the cumulative frequencies of the index NAODJFM&gt;Q1 + NAODJFM&gt;Q2 + NAODJFM&gt;Q3 (where Q stands for quartiles 1,2 and 3), the decades in which the index had significantly high or significantly low values were distinguished (Table 8). In the analyzed multiannual period 1864-2019, two epochs of domination of high NAODJFM values were distinguished (the epochs of intensified zonal circulation 1905-1914 and 1985-2000) and an epoch of significant predominance of low index values (the epoch of development of meridional forms of circulation 1955-1972).<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\nKeywords<\/strong>: circulation epochs, autocorrelation, persistency, statistical distribution<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VARIATION OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION ACCORDING TO HURRELL\u2019S NAO DJFM INDEX (1864-2019) Zmienno\u015b\u0107 oscylacji p\u00f3\u0142nocnoatlantyckiej na podstawie wska\u017anika NAO DJFM Hurrella (1864-2019) Krzysztof Ko\u017cuchowski, Joanna Wibig Przegl\u0105d Geofizyczny (2021) vol. 66, iss. 3-4, pp. 137-160 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32045\/PG-2021-022 Tekst \/ Text&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1759","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1759","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1759"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1830,"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1759\/revisions\/1830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}