{"id":1736,"date":"2022-12-20T13:43:59","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T13:43:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/?page_id=1736"},"modified":"2022-12-25T14:26:19","modified_gmt":"2022-12-25T14:26:19","slug":"charakterystyka-wyladowan-doziemnych-pod-katem-ich-przypuszczalnego-ladunku-elektrycznego-na-obszarze-polski-w-latach-2014-2019","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ptgeof.pl\/?page_id=1736","title":{"rendered":"Charakterystyka wy\u0142adowa\u0144 doziemnych pod k\u0105tem ich przypuszczalnego \u0142adunku elektrycznego na obszarze Polski w latach 2014\u20132019"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a><\/a>Charakterystyka wy\u0142adowa\u0144 doziemnych pod k\u0105tem ich przypuszczalnego \u0142adunku elektrycznego na obszarze Polski w latach 2014\u20132019<\/span>
\nCharacteristics of cloud-to-ground discharges due to their predicted electric charge in Poland in 2014\u20132019<\/span><\/p>\n

Kamil Misztal<\/span><\/a><\/span>
\n<\/em>Przegl\u0105d Geofizyczny (2022) vol. 67, iss. 1-2, pp. 19-37<\/em><\/span>
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.32045\/PG-2022-029<\/span><\/p>\n

Streszczenie
\n<\/strong>G\u0142\u00f3wnym celem opracowania jest analiza wy\u0142adowa\u0144 doziemnych pod k\u0105tem przypuszczalnego \u0142adunku elektrycznego jaki ze sob\u0105 nios\u0105. Badaniom poddano wy\u0142adowania doziemne z lat 2014-2019 na terenie Polski. Dane o wy\u0142adowaniach atmosferycznych w formacie tekstowym zosta\u0142y pozyskane z zasob\u00f3w IMGW-PIB (Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej \u2013 Pa\u0144stwowy Instytut Badawczy). Dokonano podzia\u0142u wy\u0142adowa\u0144 doziemnych ze wzgl\u0119du na ich \u0142adunek elektryczny oraz ich udzia\u0142 w ka\u017cdej godzinie w ci\u0105gu doby. P\u00f3\u0142noc i po\u0142udnie kraju okaza\u0142y si\u0119 terenami o przypuszczalnie najwy\u017cszych warto\u015bciach nat\u0119\u017cenia. Natomiast g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 wy\u0142adowa\u0144 o bezwzgl\u0119dnych warto\u015bciach nat\u0119\u017cenia pr\u0105du powy\u017cej 100 000 A by\u0142a najwi\u0119ksza na terenach g\u00f3rskich i podg\u00f3rskich. Wykazano r\u00f3wnie\u017c, \u017ce im wi\u0119ksze jest bezwzgl\u0119dne nat\u0119\u017cenie pr\u0105du w wy\u0142adowaniach, tym wi\u0119cej w danym przedziale jest wy\u0142adowa\u0144 dodatnich, np. dla nat\u0119\u017ce\u0144 powy\u017cej 300 000 A a\u017c 84% stanowi\u0142y wy\u0142adowania dodatnie, przy czym w ca\u0142ym badanym okresie \u015brednio by\u0142o ich 13%. Zaprezentowano tak\u017ce udzia\u0142 procentowy w podziale na wy\u0142adowania doziemne ze wzgl\u0119du na ich \u0142adunek elektryczny we wszystkich miesi\u0105cach w ca\u0142ym badanym okresie. Stwierdzono, \u017ce wyst\u0105pi\u0142y znaczne r\u00f3\u017cnice w udziale wy\u0142adowa\u0144 dodatnich i ujemnych w poszczeg\u00f3lnych latach. Uzyskane wyniki i sformu\u0142owane na ich podstawie wnioski stanowi\u0105 cenne uzupe\u0142nienie dotychczasowej wiedzy, a tak\u017ce s\u0105 warto\u015bciowe dla poznawania mechanizm\u00f3w wy\u0142adowa\u0144 doziemnych. Pozwalaj\u0105 one r\u00f3wnie\u017c na weryfikacj\u0119 poprawno\u015bci dzia\u0142ania systemu detekcji wy\u0142adowa\u0144 atmosferycznych.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0142owa kluczowe:<\/strong> wy\u0142adowania doziemne, przypuszczalne nat\u0119\u017cenie pr\u0105du, GIS, Polska<\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract
\n<\/strong>Thunderstorms are dangerous atmospheric phenomena which, due to earth discharges, can pose a real threat to humans. In order to fully recognize the mechanisms, it is very important to constantly research these phenomena. The aim of the study is mainly to analyse the earth discharges in terms of the presumed electric charge they carry. Cloud-to-ground discharges from 2014-2019 in Poland were tested. Data on lightning discharges in text format were obtained from the resources of IMGW-PIB. They contain, among others information about the date and time of discharges, their location, type of discharges and their current intensity. After processing, it was possible to load them into GIS programs, then performing analyses and visualizing the selected results. There were, inter alia, partition of cloud-to-ground discharges due to their electric charge and their share in each hour of the day. The map shows the distribution of absolute values \u200b\u200bof the current intensity [A \/ ]. The north and south of the country turned out to be the areas with the highest presumed intensity values. The density of discharges with absolute current values \u200b\u200babove 100 000 A in macroregions was presented in the form of a table and a result map. This density is the highest in mountain and foothill areas. It was also shown that the higher the absolute current intensity in the discharges, the more positive discharges in a given range, e.g. above 300 000 A, where as much as 84% \u200b\u200bwere positive discharges, while in the entire period under study there were 13% of them on average. The percentage breakdown of earth discharges due to their electric charge in all months of the entire period under study is also presented. These relations varied. It also turned out that there were significant differences in the relation between the occurrence of positive and negative discharges in particular years. All the obtained results are of significant value in exploring the knowledge of the mechanisms of earth discharges, but they also allow to determine the operation of the lightning detection system.<\/span>
\n
\nKeywords<\/strong>: GIS, cloud-to-ground discharges, predicted intensity in cloud-to-ground discharges<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"